Equipe d’Accueil :
Intitulé de l’Unité : Institut Cochin – Inserm U1016 – CNRS 8104
Nom du Responsable de l’Unité : Florence Niedergang
Nom du Responsable de l’Équipe : Clotilde Cadart
Adresse : 24 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques
Responsable de l’encadrement : Clotilde Cadart
Tél : ……………………… Fax : ……………………… E-mail: clotilde.cadart@inserm.fr
Résumé du projet (environ une demi-page)
By quantifying how energy is transformed and supplied, bioenergetics allow to understand how available energy enables or constrain biological processes. Our lab goal is to understand the fundamental processes affecting cellular and organismal energetics and how they impact the physiology and evolution of animals. To do so, we leverage unique properties of Xenopus frog embryos where closely related species display robust variations in whole-embryo developmental rate or energy expenditure. These variations correlate with genome size across species and can be manipulated in the lab by altering genome copy number (i.e., ploidy) or generating hybrid embryos. We previously showed that increasing the ploidy of Xenopus laevis embryos results in a reduction of whole embryo energy expenditure which is due to ploidy-driven cell size increase and changes in cellular energetic needs (Cadart et al., Current Biology, 2023). We also recently acquired a novel equipment, unique in France, allowing to measure single-animal rate of energy expenditure by heat dissipation (calorimetry).
The proposed project will focus on better understanding the link among genome content and whole-embryo rate of growth and energy expenditure. The project will rely on novel quantitative assays to measure embryo energy expenditure (calorimetry, oxygen consumption rate), fixed and live-imaging (confocal), comparisons and manipulations of diverse Xenopus species (fertilizations, hybridizations, micro-injections), data analysis, traditional molecular and developmental biology techniques.
Dernières Publications en lien avec le projet :
Agarwal, P., Cadart, C., Fort, L., Gahan, J., Greenspan, L., Juan, T., Kameneva, P., & Miao, Y. (2023). Pathway to Independence: the future of developmental biology. Development (Cambridge), 150(19). https://doi.org/10.1242/DEV.202360/330802
Cadart, C., Bartz, J., Oaks, G., Liu, M. Z., & Heald, R. (2023). Polyploidy in Xenopus lowers metabolic rate by decreasing total cell surface area. Current Biology, 33(9), 1744-1752.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.03.071
Ce projet s’inscrit-il dans la perspective d’une thèse :
oui o non o
si oui type de financement prévu : ANR JCJC
Ecole Doctorale de rattachement : BioSPC